Desert Development Centre (DDC)

 

 

 

Founded: 1979

Head: Dr. Mohamed Ahmed Sabbah, Director

Address:

16 lbn Thakeb St, Zamalek, American University in Cairo -

P.O. Box: 2551

Cairo, Egypt

Telephone: 202-730771 2/10/20/21

Facsimile:  202-7307715, 7377571

E-mail: masabbah@aucegypt.edu

Web site: www.aucegypt.etu/graduates/ddc/ddc.html

 

Institutional framework:

Non-governmental, National

 

Working Languages:

 Arabic, English

 

Areas of activity:

Applied science and technology: Agriculture and natural resources

 

Number of staff:

Research professionals: 14

Support professionals: 24

Technicians: 28

 

Mission and objectives:

DDC'S mission is to improve the social and economic wellbeing of new desert settlers, through the use of research, training and related activities which integrate among agriculture, renewable energy and community aspects in order to achieve sustainability through increased productivity, profitability, diversity of output and conservation of natural resources.

DDC has adopted four major strategic issues:

- Water management in the new lands and on-farm, water- use efficiency under different desert farming systems;

- Environmental impacts of desert developmental activities;

- Socio-economic impacts of desert development activities;

- Training of current and potential desert settlers.

 

Organizational structure:

DDC carries out research activities through the following units:

- Desert Agriculture Unit;

- Desert Community Unit;

- Desert Technology and Renewable Energy Unit.

 

R and D activities/schemes:

DDC conducts applied multi-disciplinary research in the felt of desert development. The programme covers biological, technological and community aspects of desert development, focusing on alternative, economically viable, socially acceptable and environmentally sustainable approaches.

The Desert Agriculture Unit conducts agricultural research in desert areas, including studies in the following areas: Water resources management; soil management and plant rotations; deforestation and desertification control; field crops and horticulture; plant/soil/water/energy relations; and fodder/animal/biogas systems for desert development.

The Desert Community Unit is specifically concerned with the suitability of new technologies, facilities, systems and policies to desert development. It analyzes previous and contemporary social, economic and architectural experiences, helping to establish socio-economic research frameworks. Areas of activity include: agricultural marketing, pricing and credit; cost factors in new technologies and techniques; social organization and dynamics of agricultural labor; farmer's decision-making processes; role of social and cultural factors in acceptance of new technologies; settler selection criteria; tenancy, land allocation and optimal holdings; housing design, including function, self-sufficiency and attractiveness. Project follow-up and evaluation are conducted. Present emphasis is on socio-economic aspects of water and energy policies, management, distribution, pricing and subsidy.

The Desert Technology and Renewable Energy Unit investigates and develops technologies adapted to desert environments with special emphasis on water and energy conservation for the benefit of desert communities. Areas of study include: irrigation systems, agricultural and processing machinery; desalination; soil treatment to decrease water infiltration and wind erosion; and passive solar architecture. The Unit also tests the efficiency and durability of renewable energy systems, including solar energy, wind energy, biomass and biotas, as well as hybrid systems and adapts them for desert agriculture, industry and housing.

 

Training activities:

- Regular Training Programmes: Short training programmes have been developed by DDC since 1586 covering basic concepts of desert agriculture and technology, renewable energy and socio-economic aspects of farming systems. Examples of the training courses offered in the last few years are: Sustainable Desert Development: An Overview; Desert Farming Systems; Animal Husbandry under Desert Farming Systems; Fodder and Field Crops; Vegetable Farming in the Desert; Horticulture: Fruits and Vegetables; Irrigation and Fertilization Techniques in Desert Farming; Renewable Energy for Desert Development; Practical Training in Aril Land, Forest Trees, Nursery Operations; Windbreaks Establishment and Management. These courses are offered annually to Egyptian and non-Egyptian participants. - Tailored Short Training Courses: DDC overs tailored training programmes designed upon the request of the participants or the sponsors, Training programmes on poultry production, tissue culture techniques, soil and water analysis and others have been overed.

- Desert Agribusiness Training Programmes: DDC offers special training programmes in desert agribusiness to investors and workers in desert agriculture who wish to develop or promote their knowledge in certain areas of desert agriculture and do not have the time to attend regular training programmes. These training programmes are in the form of evening lectures and weekend visits to DDC farms and private farms.

- Training Programmes for University Graduates in desert agriculture are funded by the ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, through the 416-B/L WAID funds.

- Weekend Family Training Programmes: DDC invites desert investors and workers and their families to spend a weekend or more on the farm to combine business with pleasure.

Hands-on-training and capsule information are provided, while family members are having fun on the farm.

 

Meetings, conferences and seminars:

DDC holds Desert Development Seminars Series on a monthly basis for researchers, policymakers and felt officers, in addition to an International Development Conference.

 

Public services:

DDC provides services to desert settlers and investors in general and those in immediate vicinity, in particular. DDC interacts with all levels of settlers and investors including small farmers and beneficiaries, university and intermediate- school graduates and small and large investors.

In addition, DDC provides the following services:

- Land survey and soil, water and plant chemical and physical analyses;

- Soil, water and plant microbiological analysis (nematode, insects, mold, rot and pathogenic);

- Introduction of high quality products, developed by research and as research results. Tissue culture products and special fruit and wood-trees seedlings are good examples;

- Consultancy and advisory have been provided to all levels of settlers and investors. The main office in Cairo and the working sites in Sadat City and South-Tahrir are open for visitors and inquiries;

- Extension and outreach services are provided to farmers and investors through on-and off-farm demonstrations, meetings and pamphlets.

 

Publications:

Non-recurrent: Findings are published as research reports and proceedings. In addition, the Institute published a series of training textbooks and manuals in Arabic covering all disciplines in desert agriculture including:

- Soil and Water, Fertilization and Irrigation in Desert and New Lands;

- Field Crops in Desert and New Lands;

- Small Enterprises in Desert and New Lands;

- Animal Production and Poultry in Desert and New Lands;

- Agricultural Pests and Pesticides in the Desert and New Lands;

- Desert Agribusiness;

- Fruit Production in Desert and New Lands;

- Vegetables Production and Greenhouse Technology in Desert and New Lands;

- Ornamentals, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Wood Trees in Desert and New Lands,

Recurrent:

 Desert Development Digest (quarterly).

 

Links to other organizations:

DDC has established cooperative relationships with experts and research institutions for assistance in applied research, training and demonstration activities. These include the Ministry of Housing and New Communities; the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation and its Agricultural Research Centre; the Ministry of Electricity and Energy; the National Research Centre; the University of Alexandria; the University of Arizona; North Carolina State University; Texas Tech University (ICASALS); and a number of experts from the National Faculties of Agriculture and Engineering of Cairo, Alexandria, Ain Shams, Tanta and Zagazig universities.

 

Parent body/affiliations:

DDC is affiliated to the American University in Cairo.

 

Main research facilities/equipment available:

In addition to well-equipped on-campus classrooms in Cairo, the DDC has two training sites equipped with the following: - Satat Site: A laboratory well-equipped for chemical and physical analysis of soil, water and plant; a tissue culture laboratory and propagation areas; a plant clinic for diagnosis and treatment of plant diseases and infection and of soil infestation; greenhouse technology for vegetables, ornamenting and seedlings production; greenhouse irrigation systems; solar photovoltaic panels and systems for lighting and water pumping; solar drying system; solar water heater systems.

South-Tahrir Site: Well-prepared classrooms equipped with necessary audio-visual aids; a ltlo-fatltlan training orchard with several varieties of fruit trees and training patterns, using trip irrigation systems; a 'lo-fat-clan of ornamental trees and plants; four models of farming systems and crop rotations for small farms (5-10 faddans); three motels of desert housing using passive solar energy; an open (field with all possible sprinkler irrigation systems; a variety of wood trees (casuarinas, acacia. and eucalyptus in plantations and as windbreaks); honey production unit; Poultry production units; Dairy processing pilot plant; Natural silk production unit.

 

Funding:

Sources: Core funding is provided by the American university in Cairo. In addition the research programme is funded by international agencies and individuals, including the Near East Foundation, the IDRC, USAID, the United States National Science Foundation (NSF), the Government of Finland, Atlantic Richfield Co. (ARCO Solar), the World Bank, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), the Samuel Rubin Foundation, Misr (ran Development Bank, John Goelet and DANIDA, Local contributions were provided by Nimos, Sheikh Saleh Kamel, Citibank and Chase Manhattan Bank. The Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation (MOALR), through the 416-B/LW AID fonts, has recently granted AUC/DDC LE 13.2 million over four years (1994- 1997), to train university graduates in desert agriculture using the technologies developed at DDC.

 

Information sources:

- www.aucegypt.edu/graduates/tdc/jtc.html

- International Research Centers Directory 1994-1995